Tunnel-kiln.



No. 868;059. PATENTBD ocT. 1-5, 1907.

P. L. YOUNGRBN.

TUNNEL KILN. APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1905.,

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTOR A TTORNEH PATENTED OCT. 15, 1907. P. L. YOU-NGRENi TUNNEL KILN. APPLIOATION I'ILE D JULY 1a, 1906.

BSHEETBTSHEEI z.

E aw W MNN //v mvrog No.868,059 PATENTED'0GT.15,1907.

- P. L. YOUNGREN.

TUNNEL KILN.

APP cum: FILED JULY-18, 190s.

N W J;

BY V/ TTORNEB,

PETER 'L. YOUNGREN, OF'MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

TUNNEL-KILNQ I N6. ses,o59.

To all whom if may concern.

Be it known that PETER L. YQUNGREN, a-citi-zen of the UnitedStates, residing at' Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, and'State of Wisconsin, has invented new and useful Improvements in Tunnel- Kilns, the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to improvements in kilns and pertains especially to that class of kilns which are knownas tunnel kilns, and in which the brick, or other material to be baked, is piled successively in various v Specification of Letters Patent;

of which sections or portionsof the tunnel, and the process of baking carried on continuously; the completed bricks being removedfrorn the .section in the rearoi those which are being fired, and green bricks being piled in' the sectionin advance of those which are being fired or dried preparatory to firing.

The objects of my invention are first,-to provide means for thoroughly mixing the combustible air and gas, and distributing the same, together with the heat of combustion, t0 the bricks of the section which is being fired; second,to provide mean's whereby partition I walls may be formed between the sections, of green bricks, which will not leave openings when shrunken by the baking process the bricks composing such wall being removed, when baked, with the other bricks.

In the "following description reference is bad to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a kiln embodying my invention and showing one end thereof inhoirizontal section, drawn to a plane a short distance above the floor of the kiln, and showing also the other end of the kiln partially stripped of the clay or other filling usually applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a' transverse sectional view drawn" on line x-x of Fig, 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, partly oncentral axis, and partly on' axis of branch duct for auxiliary gas flue. Fig. 4 is a side view, partly in vertical section on the longitudinal axis' of one of the tunnels. Fig, 5 is a detail view, in longitudinal section, showing one' of thegas flues provided with a spreader for distributing the gas. Fig. 'isa detail view in transverse section, showing the same flue and spreader. I I l p Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several view s.

1 & 2 are the tunnels, preferably arranged in pairs; with connected end flues 3 as best shown in'Fig. 1. Between'the tunnels 1 & 2 is a main draft flue having branch draft flues 5 leading from the respective tunnels. 1 & 2 (at suitable intervals), as also shown Figs. 1 & 2L The draft through the flues 5 is regulated by dampers 6 which are operated from the top of the kiln by. means of rods 7 Each of the tunnels is provided with drop arches 10 arranged at intervals throughout their length and the space between any two of these drop arches constitutes a section of the tunnel; each such section being pro- Application fi sa- July 1a, 1905. 'Se i No- 270,247.

vided with one branch draft flue 5 leading to the main draft flue 4. G'as from any'suitable sourceof supplyis conveyed through a main gas. flue 12 and delivered to the respective tunnel sectionsthrou gh branch gas flues 13, portable .gas conductors 14, and a .set of delivery Patented Oct. 15, 1907. v

flues 15, leading downwardly through .the top oithe kiln intoi the corresponding tunnel. section. The branch flues 13 andthe delivery flues 15 are normally covered by suitable caps16,'whichare removed for any given section when it is desired to deliver gas thereto,

and the gas conductor 14 adjusted to cover the flues 13 & 15 from which such caps are removed. The'gas conductor'lfi consists of a sheet metal semi-cylindrical hood which is preferably provided witha damper 18, whereby the how of gas may be regulated.

The delivery flues-15foreach section are arranged in a transverse row and assuming that the directionof the draft is from rightto left as indicated by' arrows in Fig. 4, these flues will be located in front or at the right of the drop arch 10 at the left hand end of suclisection; about one-third of the section be" 7 between the flues 15 and the left hand drop arch. The flues lfi'preferably extend through the main arch 20 in radial lines,a'.nd gas spreaders 21, preferably. consisting of a piece of tile of key-stone shape, are insertedinlthese flues, with projecting ends extending inwardly into the tunnel space,

- whereby the flue is partially filledfiaild the gas permitted .to pass therethrough along the rear side face of the spreader. Thespr'eadersf arepr efeiably inserted from within the tunnel and ar'e secured -in positionfby a shim 2 2 inserted at 'one edge of the spreader; t-he'latterbeing then permitted to drop inwardly and become wedged between such shima'nd' the opposing walls of the flue. With this construction any damaged, spreader may be rernovedby first pressing the same-outwardly to permit the removal of the. shim, which thus releases the spreader.

It will be observed in Figs. 1 and 3 that auxiliary inlet three 27 leading downwardly from beneath the gas conductor 14 ,are .offsetvin the wall of'the kiln-and 'extend' outwardly and downwardly, as best shown at 28" in Fig. 3, to horizontal distributing flues 29, best shown in Fig. 3'; the gas being permitted to escape from'said' I distributing, flues 29 through gas inlets 30 at. the -si des' of the loose bricks'in the section.

The bricks are piled in the respective sections of the tunnel in theordinary manner to provide openings or passage ways for the air and burning gases, but in the rear of the gas inletfines 15, a solid partition wall 31 is constructed of green bricks, which wall'extends upwardly to a point near the top of'tlieikiln. The ends of this wall arearranged to entend'into suitable recesses 33 in the side walls of. the kiln whereby the shrinking of the green brick wall leaves no space at the ends for the passage of air. Thegreen bricks composing this temporary partition wallfil are preferably piled-angueffect by permitting the air to pass through the wag larly as shown, and are arranged to pitch in opposite directions toward a transverse plane which cuts the wall preferably at the center. With this construction, the bricks are permitted to settle together and take up the shrinkage so that no spaces will be left for the passage of any considerable body'oi air through the wall. This wall 31 is located in'such a'position that the air traversing the tunnel is compelled to pass upwardly under and between the gas spreader 21 and over thetop of the wall 31 and then downwardly through the brick be tween the wall 31, and another solidwall 35, which extends from a point in the lower portion of the kiln upwardly and along the rear face of the drop arch 10. The wall 35 rests upon loosely laid brick in the bottom of the kiln, which bricks are arranged with open spaces or passages for the air and burning gases, whereby the latter'is delivered from one section to another, and is finally permitted to pass out from one or more of the branch draft flues 5, these being preferably arranged to receive the air and gas from between two temporary partition walls 31 & 35. The wall 35 may, if desired, be laid in horizontal courses since the shrinkage of the bricks composing this wall will have no detrimental the air at this point being in a highly heated conditio' while the air passing upwardly over the wall 31 is a comparatively low temperature before reaching the gas entering through the flues l5.

The kiln. is provided with the usual gage holes 40, peep holes 41 and vent holes 42 all of which are normally covered by caps 43, i4 and 45 respectively. Hot air flues 46 may alsobe employed, this feature being common to all ordinary kilns of this class.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. In akiln a temporary partition wall, composed of green brick arranged in solid courses with an angular pitch in opposite directions on opposite sides of a center line.

2. In a kiln a temporary partition wall composed of brick arranged with a downward and inward pitch toward a vertical-plane cutting the wall at an intermediate point.

In a kiln a temporary partition wall cdmposed of green brick arranged with an angular pitch longitudinally of the wall.

4. In a kiln a temporary partition wall composed of brick arranged with an angular pitch longitudinally of the wall; together with permanent side walls provided with recesses in which the ends of the partition wall are entered.

5. In a kiln a temporary partition wall composed of green brick arrange with an angular pitch longitudinally of the wall; in combination with a permanent wall formed with a surface lapping the side of the temporary partition wall at one end thereof.

(i. In a kiln a temporary partition wall composed of e'i'een bricks arranged with an angular pitch longitudinally of the wall in combination with a top wall having a series of gas inlet flues adapted to deliver combustible gas into the air adjacent to the temporary partition wall, and means for inducing a draft past said dues and over the wall.

I. in a kiln a temporary partition wall composed of green bricks arranged with an angular pitch longitudinally of the wall; in combination with a top wall havinga sedownwardly in and along the side walls of the kiln io inlci apertures at the sides thereof.

8. In a kiln a temporary partition wull composed oi green bricks arranged with uh ungulur pitch longitudinally of the wall; in combination with a top wall buying u series of gas inlet flues adapted to deliver combustible gas into the air adjacent to the temporary partition wall, and meansfor inducing a draft past said lines and over tho wall; together with a set of auxiliary inlet lines lending downwardly in and along the side walls of the kilns io inlet apertures at the sides thereof; together with a second temporary partition wall extending downwardly from i.bc top'portio nof'the kiln in the rear of the first mentioned partition wall, to points near the bottom thereof and supported upon bricks having passages for the oil and gases of combustion deflected downwardly by such wall.

9. 'In a kiln having a gas inlet line and provided with means for maintaining a draft through the kiln; u shield extending inwardly from the side of the line first reached by the draft.

10. In a kiln, a gas inlet line and a shield extending inwardly from one side of the line; together with means for directing an air current'ulong the edges of the shield.

11. In a kiln provided with means for creating a draft of air therethrough; a partition wall partially subdividing said kiln and over which the :lll is permitted to puss; :1 second partition wall arranged with space through which the air may pass near the bottom of the kiln; and means for introducing and distributing combusiible gas into the air currents before their passage over the first mentioned wall. I

12. In t kiln provided with nlcrlils for creating a draft of air therethrough; a partition wall partially subdividing said kiln and over which the air is permitted to pass; :1 second partition wall arranged with spucc through which the air may pass near the bottom of the kiln; and menus for introducing and distributing combustible gas inio the air currents before their passage over the iii-st mentioned wall; together with a series of lateral gas inlets ndupicd for the admission of gas-at the sides of the kiln biilow the top of the first mentioned wall.

13. In a kiln provided with means for creating :1 draft of air therethrough; a partition wall partially subdividing said kiln and over which the air is permitted to pass; u second partition wall arranged with space through which the air may pass near the bottom of the kiln; and means for introducing and distributing combustible gas into the till currents before their passage over the lirsi. mentioned wall together with gas spreadinp devices .ll'lllililfill to dis tribute the gas as it enters the kiln.

1; In a kiln provided with means for creating a draft of air therethrough; a partition wnll puriiully subdividing the kiln, and over which the air is permitted to puss; means for introducing combustible gas into the air above the top 01' the wall and before its passage over the wall; and means for introducing combustible gus into the air at the sides oi. the kiln and below the top of ihe wall.

15. In a kiln provided with means for crcuiiug :1 draft of air thercthrougb a partition wull pariiulIy snbdividiuc the kiln and over which the air is permitted to pnss; and means for introducing combustible gas into the air adjacent to the top of the wall undon the side oi uir npproucb.

16. In a kiln provided with means for creuiing u draft of air thcrethrongb: a purtiiion wull partially subdividing the kiln und O\'('i' which ihe air is pcriniilcd to puss; and means for introducing combustible gas inio the air ilKl -i cent to the top of the wall; together with means for dis tributing said gas comprising a transverse series of nus in let iiucs and deflecting plu'ies urrungcd along the top of the kiln on the side of said partition wall from which the uir approaches.

In testimony whereof I :ifiix my signature :1 rho presence of two witnesses.

lF/lldli Ll YOUN-JIUGN. Witnesses JAB. Il. linwix, Lnvmur'rr C. \Vnnutnn. 

